Improvement in machines for reducing wood to pulp for paper



2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. eMoeRB. 4 Machine for Reducing Wood to Pulp for Paper.

No. 201,550. Patented March`19,187 8.

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l/lllll/ll WIZNESSIL'S LN' VENTO R UNITED., 4STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES G. MOORE, OF LISBON, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR REDUCING WOOD TO PULP FOR PAPER.'

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 201,550, dated March 19, 1878; application led February 7, 1878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES G. MOORE, of Lisbon, in the county of Grafton and State of N ew Hampshire, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the Art of Reducing Wood to Pulp by Grinding, said improvement consisting in a certain manner of tearing out the bers from the block of wood, whereby pulp of a more uniform quality than usual is produced, and I have also invented certain improvements in machinery whereby said improvement in the art may be worked out or practiced, of `which the following is a specication: .I y l Hitherto wood has been reduced to powder by attaching the ends of the ber presented perpendicularly to the grinding-surface, or nearly so, to pulp by rolling out the bers by means of a grinding-surface acting in substantially the same plane as the bers and moving substantially across the bers, as set forth in the patent to Henry Voelter, Reissue No. 4,418, dated June 6, 1871; and it has also been attempted to reduce wood to ber Brooman fashion, as'it has been termed-that is to say, by submittng a piece of wood to the action of an ordinary grindstone in such manner that its bers would lie in llines parallel to a tangent to the stone, saidtangent being drawn at the point where the center of the length ofthe block touched the stone. This process cut some of the bers to powder, slid out others endwise, and made some good pulp.

Now, I have discovered that the whole block of wood can be reduced to practically uniform bers of a sufcient length and of good feltin g quality by submitting the wood to the action of the concave surface of a grindingcylinder, or to the convex surface of an ordinary grindstone, or to theat surface of a millstone, in such manner that all the bers will lie at au angle to the grinding-surface, and will all be acted upon by the asperities thereof in such manner as to attack rst the .exposed ends of the bers, and so that these at c a and the grinding-.surface at b, moving in the direction of the arrow, the wood being forced against the grinding-surface, and the grain or run of bers of the wood being indicated by the lines drawn on the block.`

Inspection of this drawing shows that all the bers which are being ground are exposed at one end, while at the other end they are covered and held in place by other bers.

i Now, by my plan of grinding, the grindingsurface attacks all the bers on their exposed or uncovered ends, and partlypulls them out, partly tears them apart and, in order to work out my improvement in the art, the grindingsurface must attack all the bers on their exposed ends and travel toward their unexposed 4ends-that is, those ends which are covered by n other bers lying between these unexposed or covered ends and the grinding-surface.

If the surface b were convex instead of con- Y cave, and the wood submitted in the same way to its action, the effect would be substantially the same; and this would also be the case if the surface b were that of a flaty millstone, provided the block of wood is, in both cases, so held in its feed-box in relation to the surface and line of motion of the stone that the asperities thereof attack rst the exposed ends of all the bers, and then move toward the"unexposed or covered ends of such bers.

I prefer towork out or practice this my improvement in the art of reducing wood to pulp by means of a concave grinding-surface, and to this effect procure a hollow metallic cylinder, B, and lineit either with stone or some known composition, b, which forms a grinding-surface. This cylinder is,mounted upon arms B B', secured to a central shaft, F, the whole construction being such that the cylinder may be revolved. This cylinder is surrounded by a case, A, furnished with a` strong top, A1, which has orices A2 in it, for inserting the blocks of wood.

Within the grinding-cylinder are feed and supporting' boxes, composed of a bottom, E, and two sides, El and E2, and these boxes are secured in place, and in proper relative position to the grinding-surface to hold blocks of wood so that they may be reduced, as before set forth, by boltin g their sides rmly to the top A1. Each feed-box has a plunger, C, se-y cured tol a rod provided with a rack'and groove, c,.the whole construction being such that the plungers may advance blocks of wood toward the grinding-surface. v.

4In `order to move these plungers, I apply around the shaft F a cannon-shaft, G, which may be held up by a collar on shaft A, or by means of the top A1. This cannon-shaft is furnished, above the top of the case, with a cog-wheel, H, which may be revolved by a pinion, E, or in any suitable way, and below the top of the case this cannon-shaft is fur-l nished with another cog-wheel, H', which will, when the racks are in gear with it and the wheel in revolution, force the rods and the plungers, and consequently the blocks of wood, against the grinding-surface.

The racks may be held in gear by means of rods J, (see specially Fig. 6,) pivoted in bearings in the sidesE of the feed-boxes. These rods are provided with a hooked projection, j, and a straight projection or handle, J. (See Figs. l and`2.) This handle can, by means of a stop, K, be held in such angular position that the hooked projection j, lying in the groove c of the plunger-rods, will hold their racks in gear with the cog-wheel.

When it is desired to introduce a fresh block the rod is lifted a little, so that its han-l dlewillrise out of the notch, and is then turned so that the hook on the rodwill throw therrack out of gear. The plunger-rod canl then be-moved back by hand, and a fresh block inserted. A shaftA with ay cam upon `it bearing against the plungerrod would answer the ysame purpose, and thenthe groove. in the plunger-rod could be dispensedwith.

Pipes L are arranged so as tosupply water to the grinding-surface, and an orice or orices, M, to permit the escape of water and pulp, are formed in the bed-plate which sup ports the case A. i

Inspection of the drawingsV will show that the feed-boxes are so arranged with reference to the grinding-surface that when the latter moves, as it is intended to do, in the direction of the arrow the blocks of wood in the boxes will have their bers attacked and acted upon in the manner heretofore described.

Inspection of the drawings will also show that the line of feed is in planes perpendicular to the axis Vof the grinding-surface. This is the best line of feed, but vthe action of the grinding-surface in attackingthe exposed ends and tearing out the covered or protected end of the bers would not be materially modied or substantially changed if the bottom of the feed-boxes were inclined to these planes, or,

lin other words, supposing the axis of the grindingsurface to be vertical, if the bottoms of the feed-boxes were not horizontal, as shown in the drawings, but inclined to the horizon in the direction of either their length or their width. i

I claim as my own invention- 1. The improvement in the art of reducin .wood to pulp herein described, which consists in attacking rst the exposed ends of all the bers, and then pulling and tearing out the remainder of the ber by means of a grinding surface acting in relation to the bers, substantially in the manner hereinbefore set forth.

2. A concave grinding-surface, in combination with feed boxes or troughs therein inclosed, when said boxes are so located, substanti ally as represented, with reference to the concave grinding-surface that blocks of wood held and forced forward therein may be reduced to pulp, in the manner specied, not intending to claim, broadly, a concave grinding-surface in combination with feed-troughsv inclosed therein, as I know that combination to be old. 3. The combination of feeding-`boxes and plungers acting therein and racks on the plunger-rodswith a cog-wheel on a common' shaft, whereby the plungers maybe forced to feed blocks to the concave grinding-surface, the combination being and operating substantially as, described'.

4. Feeding-plungers operated by rack-rods, in combination with acontrivance, substantially such as described, for holding the racks in gear and permitting them to move out of gear, the combination being and operating substantially as described.

` Y J. G. MOORE.

Witnesses JABEZ S. HOLMES, J. HENRY TAYLOR. 

